Encoding Equipment - CBA Glossary
πŸ“– Glossary

Encoding Equipment

Video encoders are the hardware (or software) that convert raw camera signals into compressed video streams suitable for delivery over IP networks. The encoder is often the most critical component determining whether your stream works or fails β€” it's the bridge between your production environment and your audience.

At Creative Broadcast Agency, we work across a range of professional hardware encoders depending on the production requirements. Our encoding inventory includes units from TVU Networks, LiveU, Haivision, Teradek, and Univisio β€” each chosen for specific use cases rather than brand loyalty.

TVU Networks β€” TVU transceivers and rack-mounted servers are workhorses for contribution encoding. TVU's bonding technology aggregates multiple cellular, WiFi, and ethernet connections into a single resilient transport stream. We deploy TVU units for field-to-studio contribution where reliability over unpredictable networks is the priority. TVU's cloud-based receiver infrastructure also allows us to receive feeds from anywhere in the world without dedicated receive hardware on-site.

LiveU β€” LiveU units handle remote location encoding where you need to send video from a field position back to the master control room over whatever connectivity exists. During corporate streaming work with remote speakers across different emirates, LiveU provides reliable ingest with built-in 5G bonding and bandwidth optimisation. LiveU's HEVC encoding keeps bitrates manageable even over congested cellular networks. If a presenter's connection degrades, LiveU adapts encoding quality automatically β€” this is encoder-side adaptation, different from the client-side adaptation of adaptive bitrate streaming.

Haivision β€” Haivision's Makito and KB series encoders are our go-to for SRT-native encoding. Haivision co-developed the SRT protocol, so their hardware has the deepest integration. For point-to-point contribution feeds β€” sending a clean programme feed from a venue to a remote production hub or broadcaster β€” Haivision encoders deliver broadcast-grade quality with sub-second latency. We also use Haivision for secure corporate streams where AES-256 encryption is required at the encoder level.

Teradek β€” Teradek Prism and VidiU units cover a broad range from rack-mounted multi-input encoding to compact camera-top streaming. The Prism accepts multiple SDI feeds and outputs simultaneous bitrate ladders over RTMP, RTMPS, SRT, and HLS. Teradek's Sharelink cloud platform makes it straightforward to route feeds between locations without complex network configuration.

Univisio β€” Univisio encoders are purpose-built for high-density, multi-channel encoding in rack environments. When we need to encode 8, 16, or more simultaneous feeds from a large-scale event like the Esports World Cup, Univisio's multi-channel encoding blades handle the density without requiring a separate encoder per feed. This reduces rack space, power draw, and points of failure.

For corporate events and webinars, we also use software encoders like vMix and OBS running on dedicated encoding PCs. Software encoders are more flexible β€” you can adjust settings mid-stream β€” but they're sensitive to CPU overload. If you're running graphics, mixing, and encoding on the same machine, encoding quality can suffer under load.

Encoder selection also determines which streaming protocols you can use, and this drives the choice. Not every encoder supports SRT, not every encoder handles HEVC, and not every encoder can output multiple bitrate renditions simultaneously. Knowing your delivery requirements before choosing encoding hardware is critical β€” which is why we specify encoders during the broadcast systems design phase, not at the last minute.

FAQ
How many bitrates can one encoder handle?
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It depends on the encoder. A Teradek Prism can create six simultaneous bitrate outputs from a single feed. Univisio multi-channel blades can encode 8-16 feeds simultaneously in a single rack unit. TVU and LiveU focus on single-feed bonded contribution rather than multi-bitrate ladders. For multi-feed events, we typically combine Univisio for density with Haivision or Teradek for quality-critical hero feeds. We plan encoder architecture during the site survey.
What's the difference between hardware and software encoding?
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Hardware encoders are specialized devices optimized for reliability and processing power. Software encoders run on general-purpose computers, offering flexibility but less stability under load. For events expecting 10,000+ simultaneous viewers, we prefer hardware. For internal corporate streams, software often suffices.
Can we switch encoders during a live stream?
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No, changing primary encoders requires disconnecting the old stream and connecting the new oneβ€”causing visible interruption. This is why backup encoder redundancy is built into system design, not improvised during the event. Switching to backup happens automatically with proper failover configuration.
Does the encoder affect final video quality?
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Significantly. An encoder set to fixed quality mode (CRF or quality-based VBR) produces different results than one in fixed bitrate mode, even at the same target bitrate. The encoder's motion detection, scene-change adaptation, and codec optimization algorithms matter. Higher-end encoders produce better quality at the same bitrate.

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